The Journal

Thinking about deterministic AI

Deep dives into decision infrastructure, governance patterns, auditability, and building agent systems you can trust in production.

AI governance financial services

Governed AI in Financial Services: What Banks and Fintechs Must Get Right

Covers the specific governance obligations facing AI systems in financial services: SR 11-7 model risk management, explainability requirements for credit decisions, SEC guidance on algorithmic advice, and EU AI Act classification.

11 min readApril 17, 2026
LLM observability vs decision monitoring

LLM Observability Is Not Enough: The Case for Decision-Level Monitoring

Distinguishes LLM-level observability (token usage, latency, prompt/response logs) from decision-level monitoring (which rules fired, what action was authorized, what was executed). Explains why LLM observability tools alone cannot answer compliance questions.

10 min readApril 15, 2026
AI rule change management

Building a Rule Change Process for AI Systems: From Ad-Hoc Edits to Governed Rollout

Provides a step-by-step governance model for managing rule changes in AI production systems. Covers four stages: authoring and peer review (draft), validation against live traffic (shadow), limited-scope enforcement (canary), and full promotion (active).

12 min readApril 13, 2026
SaaS billing automation failures

SaaS Billing Decision Failures: The Hidden Cost of Unsequenced Enforcement

Examines how billing automation breaks when enforcement decisions lack sequencing, priority rules, and cooldowns — leading to mass suspensions without warning, payment retry storms, and churn caused by the billing system itself.

10 min readApril 10, 2026
decision plane vs orchestration layer

Decision Plane vs. Orchestration Layer: Why Your Agent Framework Is Not Your Governance

Draws a precise architectural distinction between the orchestration layer (sequencing, routing, tool calls) and the decision plane (policy evaluation, authority, audit). Shows why conflating them creates brittle governance.

9 min readApril 8, 2026
EU AI Act logging requirements

The EU AI Act Compliance Gap: What High-Risk AI Systems Must Log

Breaks down what Article 12 of the EU AI Act actually requires high-risk AI systems to log: automatic recording of events, traceability of inputs/outputs, human oversight indicators, and operational data retention.

11 min readApril 6, 2026
AI agent authority model

Agent Authority Models: Who Decides What Your AI Can Do?

Examines four authority model patterns (flat, hierarchical, delegated, coalition) that determine what AI agents can do and on whose behalf. Covers how authority is asserted, verified, and revoked across multi-agent systems.

11 min readApril 3, 2026
SaaS customer lifecycle automation

The SaaS Lifecycle Decision Stack: How Modern Companies Automate Every Customer Touchpoint

Maps the five lifecycle stages (Acquire & Activate, Engage & Retain, Expand & Monetize, Billing & Revenue, Recover & Win Back) as a decision stack, explaining what decisions must fire at each stage and what happens when they are skipped.

9 min readApril 1, 2026
AI agent production failures

Why AI Agents Fail in Production: The Six Root Causes

Synthesizes six repeating patterns behind real-world AI agent failures — goal misgeneralization, context drift, tool boundary violations, cascading approvals, missing audit trails, and unsafe rule changes — with diagnostic questions for each.

10 min readMarch 30, 2026
AI governance financial services

How Financial Services Teams Are Governing AI Decisions in 2026

Financial services demands reproducibility, auditability, explainability, and safe change management. This article surveys how banks, insurers, and fintechs are governing AI decision systems.

12 min readMarch 28, 2026
safe rollout SaaS rules

Safe Rollout for SaaS Decision Rules: How to Change Live Business Logic Without Breaking Customers

Changing a live business rule carries real production risk. This article introduces safe rollout as a first-class concept for business logic: Draft, Shadow, Canary, Active.

10 min readMarch 26, 2026
AI agent authorization model

How to Build an AI Agent Authorization Model Without Writing a Policy Engine from Scratch

Authorization determines whether your AI agents are deployable in production. This practical guide covers the three authorization primitives and walks through implementation using Cedar.

12 min readMarch 24, 2026
EU AI Act transparency requirements

The EU AI Act's Article 13 Problem: What 'Transparency' Actually Requires from Your AI System

August 2, 2026 is the compliance deadline for high-risk AI systems under the EU AI Act. Most teams do not know whether their system qualifies or what Article 13 actually demands in practice.

11 min readMarch 21, 2026
AI decision audit log

Decision Traces: The Audit Log Pattern That Makes AI Systems Defensible

When an AI system makes a consequential decision, someone will ask "why did it do that?" Teams without decision traces cannot answer. Those with decision traces answer in seconds.

12 min readMarch 19, 2026
decision infrastructure vocabulary

ATOMs, EMUs, and the Decision Plane: A Vocabulary for AI Decision Infrastructure

The field of deterministic AI decision infrastructure lacks a shared vocabulary. This article establishes working definitions for ATOMs, EMUs, Decision Plane, Decision Traces, Safe Rollout, and Reachability.

13 min readMarch 17, 2026
policy engine AI agents

OPA, Cedar, or Custom? Choosing the Right Policy Engine for Your AI Agents

A clear, opinionated comparison of the three dominant policy engine approaches for AI agent authorization: OPA with Rego, AWS Cedar, and custom rules engines. Includes a decision matrix and the honest 2026 recommendation.

12 min readMarch 14, 2026
SaaS workflow automation

The 5 SaaS Workflows Most Broken by Undocumented Decision Logic

Every SaaS company has decisions that live nowhere: in Slack threads, in institutional memory, in dead PRs. This article maps the five workflows where undocumented logic causes the most damage.

10 min readMarch 12, 2026
AI agents fail production

Why AI Agents Fail in Production (And What the Architecture Is Missing)

Only 5% of enterprise AI systems reach production. This article diagnoses the real reasons — not model capability, but five structural architectural gaps that deterministic decision infrastructure can fix.

10 min readMarch 10, 2026
deterministic AI decisions

Infrastructure for Deterministic AI Decisions

A complete guide to building decision infrastructure that makes high-stakes AI decisions explicit, auditable, and safe to change. Covers the propose-then-decide architecture, deterministic decision points, audit-grade logging, and safe rule rollout.

14 min readFebruary 24, 2026
decision protocol SaaS

What Is a Decision Protocol? The Concept Every SaaS Team Needs in 2026

SaaS teams encode product intent in code, docs, and people — none designed to be queried, tested, or rolled back. A decision protocol is the fourth container: a named, versioned, explicit record of business logic.

9 min readFebruary 21, 2026
AI agent governance framework

The Agent Governance Stack: Four Layers Every Enterprise Needs Before Going to Production

Most enterprises treat AI governance as a compliance checklist. It is not — it is an architecture. This article introduces the four-layer governance stack every enterprise needs before deploying AI agents to production.

11 min readFebruary 19, 2026
AI decision plane architecture

Separating Logic from Models: Why Your AI System Needs a Decision Plane

When teams build AI systems, they put decision logic inside prompts or model calls — fast to demo, impossible to govern. The decision plane concept offers a better model: all consequential logic in an explicit, testable, versionable layer.

9 min readFebruary 17, 2026